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长链非编码RNA,SUMO1P3对人肝癌HepG2细胞恶性生物学行为的影响

时间:2022-03-14 08:17:16 浏览次数:


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[摘要] 目的 探讨长链非编码RNA SUMO1P3对人肝癌HepG2细胞恶性生物学行为的影响。 方法 收集40例来自武汉大学人民医院肝癌患者手术后肝癌及其癌旁组织标本,人肝癌细胞系和正常肝细胞由武汉大学人民医院中心实验室保存。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术(RT-PCR)检测SUMO1P3在肝癌及癌旁组织、肝癌细胞及正常肝细胞中表达情况。实验分为si-NC组和si-SUMO1P3组,应用小干扰RNA(siRNA)转染HepG2细胞,分别以CCK8法、流式细胞术、划痕实验及Transwell侵袭实验检测下调SUMO1P3对HepG2细胞增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移的影响。 结果 SUMO1P3在肝癌组织中较对应的癌旁组织显著高表达(P < 0.05);SUMO1P3在肝癌细胞株中较正常肝细胞显著高表达(P < 0.05)。肝癌细胞转染48 h后si-SUMO1P3组较si-NC组SUMO1P3表达明显下调(P < 0.05);CCK8实验显示,si-SUMO1P3组转染24、48、72、96 h后吸光度值均低于si-NC组(P < 0.05);流式细胞术显示,si-SUMO1P3组细胞凋亡率高于si-NC组(P < 0.05);划痕实验证明,si-SUMO1P3组细胞迁移抑制率高于si-NC组(P < 0.05);Transwell实验表明,si-SUMO1P3组穿膜细胞数明显少于si-NC组(P < 0.05)。 结论 LncRNA SUMO1P3可能与肝癌细胞的增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移等生物学行为密切相关。

[关键词] 肝癌;长链非编RNA;SUMO1P3;生物学行为

[中图分类号] R735.7 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)08(c)-0031-05

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effects of LncRNA SUMO1P3 on malignant biological behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Methods A total of 40 liver cancer tissues and their paracarcinoma tissues were obtained from patients who underwent radical resections in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. The liver cancer cells and normal cell were preserved in Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University. RT-PCR technology was used to confirm the expression level of SUMO1P3 in tissues and cells. The experiment divided into si-NC group and si-SUMO1P3 group. After transfected siRNA into the HepG2 cells, cell counting kit 8, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell chambers were used to examine the proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and the invasion ability. Results Compared with paracarcinoma tissues and normal liver cells, SUMO1P3 was significantly highly expressed in liver cancer tissues and cells (P < 0.05). After transfected 48 h, compared with si-NC group, SUMO1P3 was down-regulated expression in si-SUMO1P3 group (P < 0. 05). CCK8 assay demonstrated that the absorbance values of si-SUMO1P3 group were lower than those of si-NC group after transfection 24, 48, 72, 96 h (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of si-SUMO1P3 group was significantly higher than that of si-NC group (P < 0.05). Wound healing proved that the metastasis inhibiting rate of si-SUMO1P3 group was much higher than the si-NC group (P < 0.05). Transwell assay revealed that the number of cells through the well in si-SUMO1P3 group were less than that in si-NC group (P < 0.05). Conclusion LncRNA SUMO1P3 may play an important role in proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and can serve as an effective target for cancer gene therapy.

[Key words] Hepatocellular carcinoma; Long non-coding RNA; SUMO1P3; Biology behaviors

原发性肝癌是常见的消化道肿瘤,发病率和死亡率高,目前亟需寻找早期诊断和有效治疗肝癌的新方法[1]。长链非编RNA(Long noncoding RNA,LncRNA)是一种转录本大于200个核苷酸的RNA,可以通过表观遗传、转录及转录后调控等方式参与疾病的发生[2]。研究证实,某些lncRNA在肿瘤的表达水平会发生特异性改变,可以作为诊断癌症的标志物和潜在的药物作用靶点[3-4]。已有文献报道lncRNA SUMO1P3在胃癌、膀胱癌中显著高表达,且能够影响肿瘤细胞的增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移[5-6]。本研究检测肝癌组织和肝癌细胞中SUMO1P3表达水平,使用小干扰RNA技术下调肝癌细胞株HepG2中SUMO1P3的表达,验证其对肝癌细胞生物学行为的影响,为肝癌诊断和治疗提供依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 组织、细胞和主要试剂

肝癌及其癌旁组织标本来自武汉大学人民医院手术肝癌患者。人肝癌细胞和正常肝细胞由武汉大学人民医院中心实验室保存。SUMO1P3引物为5′-GAACTGGGAATGGAGGAAGA-3′和 5′-TGAGAAAGGATTGAGGGAAA-3′,购自武汉巴菲尔生物公司。SUMO1P3小干扰RNA(siRNA)购自广州市锐博生物公司,序列:5′-TGGCCCTGATGTTCTAGCATGTGAT-3′。

1.2 细胞培养、转染及分组

HepG2细胞加入5 mL RPMI 1640培养液,放于5%CO2、37℃恒温细胞培养箱中进行培养。选取生长状态良好的细胞,以5×105个/孔的密度接种于6孔板,待细胞生长到60%~80%融合时使用无血清培养液进行转染。转染后6 h换成含10%胎牛血清的培养液继续培养。分为si-NC组和si-SUMO1P3组。

1.3 CCK8法绘制细胞生长曲线

将各组HepG2细胞分别以4×103个/孔接种于96孔板,转染后0、24、48、72、96 h每组取6孔,加入CCK8 10 μL/100 μL,37℃培养2 h后用全波段酶标仪检测波长450 nm处的吸光度(A)值。

1.4 流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡

在转染后48 h的HepG2中加入500 μL缓冲液,5 μL Annexin V-FITC和10 μL的PI混匀,使用流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率。

1.5 划痕实验

用10 μL白色枪头在转染后的6孔板细胞底面进行划痕,加入无血清1640培养基继续培养,在0 h和24 h照相,测各组划痕宽度,取平均值计算迁移抑制率。

1.6 Transwell侵袭实验

Transwell上室铺用Matrigel基质胶600 μL,将200 μL转染后的细胞悬液(5×104/L)加入上室,下室加600 μL低血清的培养液培养24 h。结晶紫染色30 min后在显微镜下拍照,最终以穿膜细胞的数目代表HepG2细胞的侵袭能力。

1.7 统计学方法

采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件进行数据分析,计量资料数据用均数±标准差(x±s)表示,两组间比较采用t检验;以P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2 结果

2.1 LncRNASUMO1P3在肝癌组织和肝癌细胞株中表达情况

采用RT-PCR技术检测40例肝癌与癌旁标本SUMO1P3表达水平,发现40对标本中有29对(72.5%,29/40)标本中肝癌比癌旁组织SUMO1P3高表达,肝癌和癌旁组织SUMO1P3表达差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)(图1)。培养人肝癌细胞系和正常肝细胞,使用RT-PCR技术检测SUMO1P3表达水平,发现其在肝癌细胞系中显著高表达(图2),其中在HepG2细胞中表达最高,故后续实验选择使用HepG2细胞。

2.2 siRNA对肝癌细胞内SUMO1P3表达的影响

在肝癌细胞株HepG2中进行siRNA转染,si-SUMO1P3组细胞内SUMO1P3表达降低,为si-NC组的(24.33±3.15)%,两组差异有统计学意义(t =25.01,P < 0.05),见图3。表明转染SUMO1P3 siRNA可下调HepG2细胞内SUMO1P3的表达。

2.3 下调SUMO1P3对细胞增殖的影响

转染siRNA SUMO1P3后,HepG2细胞的生长明显受到抑制,见图4。转染24、48、72、96 h后,si-NC组吸光度值分别为(0.5117±0.0035)、(1.0336±0.0097)、(1.3263±0.0081)、(1.6853±0.0073);si-SUMO1P3组吸光度值分别为(0.4533±0.0041)、(0.8446±0.0065)、(1.0512±0.0096)、(1.2363±0.0102);两组吸光度值比较差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。

2.4 下调SUMO1P3对细胞凋亡的影响

转染48 h后,流式细胞术测得si-NC组细胞凋亡率为(13.59±1.36)%,si-SUMO1P3组细胞凋亡率为(38.28±3.41)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见图5。

2.5 下调SUMO1P3对细胞迁移的影响

转染48 h,si-NC组细胞划痕迁移率为(13.69±0.15)%,si-SUMO1P3组细胞划痕迁移率为(36.92±0.43)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见图6。

2.6 下调 SUMO1P3对细胞侵袭的影响

转染48 h后,si-NC组细胞穿膜个数为(119.00±8.53)个,si-SUMO1P3组细胞穿膜个数为(54.00±7.12)个,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),见图7。

3 讨论

原发性肝癌是人类常见的恶性肿瘤,其目前的治疗手段有手术切除、放化疗、靶向治疗及生物治疗等[7],但由于肝癌发现时大多已属于晚期,治疗效果不理想,总体5年生存率较低[8]。LncRNA是长度大于200个核苷酸的非编码RNA,是RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录的副产物,起初被认为是基因组转录的“噪音”,不具有生物学功能[9]。然而,大量研究表明,lncRNA参与了X染色体沉默、基因组印记以及染色质修饰[10]、转录激活、转录干扰等多种重要的调控过程[11]。已有一些lncRNA被证明可作为肝癌的标志物或预后因子[12],如肝癌高表达基因(HULC)[13]、同源异形盒基因(HOX)转录反义RNA(HOTAIR)[14]、肺腺癌转移相关转录子1(MALATl)[15]、母系表达基因3(MEG3)[16]、H19等[17]。LncRNA种类繁多,作用方式多样化,近期研究发现LincRNA UFC1能够通过结合稳定HuR mRNA从而活化β-Catenin,抑制肝癌细胞增殖[18]。LncRNA-ATB在被TGF-β活化后可以促进EMT发生,进而促进肝癌细胞侵袭转移[19]。而LncRNA-HOTAIR通过下调SETD2能够促进肝癌肿瘤干细胞增殖,导致化疗耐药的发生[20]。即使如此,当前关于LncRNA在原发性肝癌中的认知仍然非常有限。

SUMO1P3是小泛素样修饰蛋白1假基因3(small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 pseudogene 3)。已被证实SUMO1P3在胃癌组织中较对应的癌旁组织显著高表达,其表达水平与肿瘤大小、组织分化、淋巴结转移和侵袭等临床病理特征相关,表明SUMO1P3有可能是胃癌诊断的标志物之一[5]。Zhan等[6]研究证实,SUMO1P3在膀胱癌组织显著高表达,表达水平与组织分级和TNM分期相关,在膀胱癌细胞中下调SUMO1P3能够抑制癌细胞增殖和侵袭,促进癌细胞凋亡。目前尚无关于SUMO1P3在肝癌中的研究。本研究利用RNA干扰技术干扰肝癌HepG2细胞中SUMO1P3的表达,可见下调SUMO1P3能显著抑制HepG2细胞的增殖和侵袭转移,并促进细胞凋亡,提示内源性SUMO1P3在肝癌细胞恶性生物学行为中起着关键作用,SUMO1P3可能成为肝癌诊断和预后的监测指标及治疗靶点。

综上所述,SUMO1P3与肝癌的发生、发展及转移密切相关,干扰SUMO1P3的表达可抑制肝癌细胞的增殖和侵袭转移,并促进细胞凋亡,相关的调控机制还有待进一步研究证实。

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