摘要 [目的]研究大興安岭多年冻土区不同森林植被类型不同深度土壤碳、氮含量及相关酶活性的特征，为深入了解冻土区森林湿地的碳、氮动态及冻土区生态环境保护提供理论依据。[方法]以大兴安岭典型植被类型落叶松、樟子松及白桦为研究对象，分析不同植被不同土层碳、氮含量及相关酶活性特征。[结果]随着土壤深度的增加，不同植被类型土壤溶解性有机碳、土壤有机碳、土壤硝态氮、土壤铵态氮、土壤脲酶、土壤蔗糖酶均逐层降低。0～10 cm土层，土壤溶解性有机碳含量落叶松分别显著高于樟子松和白桦（P<0.01）；樟子松铵态氮、硝态氮含量分别显著高于落叶松、白桦（P<0.05）；脲酶活性落叶松最高，分别为樟子松和白桦的1.44倍、1.28倍（P<005）；蔗糖酶活性由低到高依次为落叶松、樟子松、白桦（P<0.05）。10～20、20～30 cm土层与其规律相似。相关性分析表明，蔗糖酶对土壤有机碳、溶解性有机碳含量的影响最大，其相关系数分别为0.945、0.931（P<0.01）。脲酶对铵态氮含量的影响较大，相关系数为0.790（P<0.05）。[结论]大兴安岭多年冻土区不同森林湿地植被土壤碳、氮含量均有一定的规律性和差异性，表明植被类型是影响土壤碳、氮循环过程的重要因素。
关键词 多年冻土；森林湿地；土壤碳氮；土壤酶；大兴安岭
中图分类号 S714 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611（2018）13-0136-05
Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Contents and Enzyme Activities in Forest Wetlands in Permafrost Regions of Daxing’an Mountains
HAN Bingxue，ZHAO Guangying，ZANG Shuying et al
（Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Monitoring of Geographic Environment in Common Universities of Heilongjiang Province，Harbin Normal University，Harbin ，Heilongjiang 150025）
Abstract [Objective] The characteristics of soil carbon and nitrogen contents and related enzyme activities were detected at different depths of different forest vegetation types in permafrost regions of Daxing’an Mountains，which provided an important theoretical basis for understanding the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen in forest wetlands and the protection of ecological environment in permafrost regions.[Method]Taking three typical vegetation types （Larix gmelini，Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica and Betula platyphylla） as the test objects，and the characteristics of carbon and nitrogen contents and related enzyme activities at different depths of different vegetation types were measured.[Result] The contents of research elements in different vegetation types tended to decrease with the depth of soil profile. 0-10 cm layer： The content of dissolved organic carbon（DOC） in Larix gmelini was extremely significantly higher than that of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica and Betula platyphylla （P<0.01）； The contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica were respectively significantly higher than that in Larix gmelini and Betula platyphylla （P<0.05）； The urease activity of Larix gmelini was the highest ，which was 1.44 times and 1.28 times of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica and Betula platyphylla （P<0.05）； The invertase activity was Larix gmelini